The Difference Between Acrylamide and Polyacrylamide

1. The substance of acrylamide is different from polyacrylamide

(1) Polyacrylamide

Polyacrylamide is a linear polymer, and its products are mainly divided into two forms: dry powder and colloid types. According to its average molecular weight, it can be divided into low molecular weight (<1 million), medium molecular weight (2 to 4 million), and high molecular weight (>7 million) types. According to its structure, it can be divided into non-ionic, anionic, and cationic types.

(2) Acrylamide

Acrylamide is a white crystalline chemical substance, which is the raw material for the production of polyacrylamide. Polyacrylamide is mainly used for water purification, pulp processing, and internal coating of pipelines. Starch foods are prone to produce acrylamide when cooked at a high temperature (>120℃).

2. The properties of acrylamide and polyacrylamide are different

(1) Polyacrylamide

Polyacrylamide is a water-soluble linear polymer polymerized by acrylamide monomer initiated by free radicals. It has good flocculation and can reduce the frictional resistance between liquids. According to the ionic characteristics, the types of polyacrylamide can be divided into four types: non-ionic, anion, cation, and amphoteric.

Polyacrylamide is insoluble in most organic solvents, such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, ether, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons, except for a few polar organic solvents, such as acetic acid, acrylic acid, chloroacetic acid, ethylene glycol, glycerol, molten urea, and formamide. However, these organic solvents have limited solubility and often require heating. Otherwise, they have little application value.

(2) Acrylamide

Acrylamide is a white powder with a density of 1.32g/cm³, a glass transition temperature of 188°C, and a softening temperature of nearly 210°C. With the general method of drying, it still contains a small amount of water, and when it dries, it will quickly absorb water from the environment. The homopolymer separated by the freeze-drying method is a white soft amorphous solid.

However, when precipitated from the solution and dried, it becomes glassy and partially transparent solid. Completely dried acrylamide is a brittle white solid. Acrylamide used in commodities is usually dried under moderate conditions, generally with a water content of 5% to 15 %. The polymer membrane prepared by casting on the glass pane is a transparent, hard, and fragile solid.

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3. The applications of Acrylamide and polyacrylamide are different

(1) Polyacrylamide

It is used in the paper industry. First of all, it can increase the retention rate of fillers and pigments to reduce the loss of raw materials and environmental pollution; secondly, it can increase the strength of the paper (including dry strength and wet strength). In addition, the use of PAM can also increase the tear resistance and porosity of the paper to improve the visual and printing performance. It is also used in packaging paper for food and tea.

It is widely used in the petroleum industry, oil recovery, drilling mud, waste mud treatment, preventing water channeling, reducing friction, improving oil recovery, and tertiary oil recovery.

It is used as a textile sizing agent, with stable sizing performance, less sizing, a low rate of fabric breakage, and a smooth fabric surface.

(2) Acrylamide

Acrylamide is used in oilfield water injection wells to adjust the water injection profile. This product is mixed with an initiator and injected into the high permeability zone of the water injection well to polymerize into a high-viscosity polymer.

Acrylamide uses in textile as a textile auxiliary. Textile auxiliaries are essential chemicals in textile production and processing. Textile auxiliaries play an indispensable role in improving the product quality and added value of textiles.

Acrylamide can be used as a printing and dyeing auxiliary. Printing and dyeing auxiliaries can be divided into printing auxiliaries and dyeing auxiliaries. Printing auxiliaries include adhesives, thickeners, cross-linking agents, emulsifiers, softeners, diffusing agents, and defoaming agents, and dyeing auxiliaries include leveling agents, fixing agents, dispersing agents, fluorescent brighteners and softening agents, etc.